西敏大要理問答TheWestminster Larger Catechism (1648)
呂沛淵牧師譯
目錄
1～50 問
51～100 問
101～150 問
151～196問
51～100 問
51問：基督升高的狀態包括哪些？
Question
51: What was the estate of Christ’s exaltation?
答；基督升高的狀態包括：祂的復活，升天，坐在天父的右邊，以及祂要再來審判世界。
Answer:
The estate of Christ’s exaltation comprehends his resurrection, ascension,
sitting at the right hand of the Father, and his coming again to judge the
world.
52問：基督在祂的復活中，是如何升高的？
Question
52: How was Christ exalted in his resurrection?
答：基督在祂的復活中升高，在於：
（1）祂經歷死亡而不見朽壞，因為祂原不能被死拘禁；
（2）祂復活的身體，是與祂受苦的身體同一的，具相同的基要屬性，然而此復活身體是不朽壞的，沒有今生人所共有的軟弱，與祂的靈魂真實聯合；
（3）祂以自己的大能在死後第三天復活，以此顯明自己是神的兒子；滿足了神的公義，征服了死亡以及掌死權的惡者，成為活人與死人的主；
（4）祂所作的這一切，都是以立約之代表，教會之元首的身分完成的，為要叫他們稱義，在恩典中活過來，支持他們抵擋仇敵，並保證他們在末日從死裡復活。
Answer:
Christ was exalted in his resurrection, in that, not having seen corruption in
death (of which it was not possible for him to be held), and having the very
same body in which he suffered, with the essential properties thereof (but
without mortality, and other common infirmities belonging to this life), really
united to his soul, he rose again from the dead the third day by his own power;
whereby he declared himself to be the Son of God, to have satisfied divine
justice, to have vanquished death, and him that had the power of it, and to be
Lord of quick and dead: all which he did as a public person, the head of his
church, for their justification, quickening in grace, support against enemies,
and to assure them of their resurrection from the dead at the last day.
53問：基督在祂的升天中，是如何升高的？
答：基督在祂的升天中升高，在於：
（1）祂復活後經常向使徒們顯現，與他們談話，講說神國的事，差遣他們傳福音給萬民；
（2）祂在復活四十天之後，在肉身中，以我們的元首身分，得勝仇敵，在眾目仰望之下，升入至高之天；
（3）祂在那裡，領受並將各樣恩賜賞給人；提升我們的心，思念上面的事；並且為我們預備地方。祂如今且繼續在天上，直到世界的末了，祂再來之時。
Question
53: How was Christ exalted in his ascension?
Answer:
Christ was exalted in his ascension, in that having after his resurrection
often appeared unto and conversed with his apostles, speaking to them of the
things pertaining to the kingdom of God, and giving them commission to preach
the gospel to all nations, forty days after his resurrection, he, in our
nature, and as our head, triumphing over enemies, visibly went up into the
highest heavens, there to receive gifts for men, to raise up our affections
thither, and to prepare a place for us, where himself is, and shall continue
till his second coming at the end of the world.
54問：基督被升高坐在父上帝的右邊，這是指何意義？
Question
54: How is Christ exalted in his sitting at the right hand of God?
答：基督被升高坐在父上帝的右邊，這是指：
（1）祂身為神與人之間唯一的中保，被父上帝恩寵升為至高，滿有喜樂，榮耀，權能，在天地萬有之上統管一切；
（2）祂召聚與保護祂的教會，得勝他們的仇敵；以各樣的恩賜和恩典，裝備祂的僕人和子民，並為他們代求。
Answer:
Christ is exalted in his sitting at the right hand of God, in that as God-man
he is advanced to the highest favor with God the Father, with all fulness of
joy, glory, and power over all things in heaven and earth; and does gather and
defend his church, and subdue their enemies; furnishes his ministers and people
with gifts and graces, and makes intercession for them.
55問：基督如何為我們代求？
Question
55: How does Christ make intercession?
答：基督為我們的代求，是：
（1）祂以人性身體升天，顯於父上帝面前，不斷地為我們祈求；因祂在地上完全順服與獻祭的功勞，宣告祂的旨意，實現在所有信徒身上；
（2）祂回應所有對他們的控告，祂確保他們的良心平安，雖然他們每日皆有失敗之處，仍可坦然無懼來到施恩寶座前，並且祂使他們的生活與事奉蒙悅納。
Answer:
Christ makes intercession, by his appearing in our nature continually before
the Father in heaven, in the merit of his obedience and sacrifice on earth,
declaring his will to have it applied to all believers;
Answering
all accusations against them, and procuring for them quiet of conscience,
notwithstanding daily failings, access with boldness to the throne of grace,
and acceptance of their persons and services.
56問：基督將要再來審判世界，祂是如何被高舉？
Question
56: How is Christ to be exalted in his coming again to judge the world?
答：基督將要再來審判世界，祂被高舉在於：
（1）雖然祂曾受到不義審判，被惡人定罪，但是祂將在末日，大有權能的降臨；
（2）祂的再臨，是將自己與聖父的榮耀，完全彰顯出來；祂與所有眾天使同來，有呼叫的聲音與天使長的聲音，又有神的號吹響：祂要按公義審判世界。
Answer:
Christ is to be exalted in his coming again to judge the world, in that he, who
was unjustly judged and condemned by wicked men, shall come again at the last
day in great power, and in the full manifestation of his own glory, and of his
Father’s, with all his holy angels, with a shout, with the voice of the
archangel, and with the trumpet of God, to judge the world in righteousness.
57問：基督藉其中保職分，已經贏得的恩福有哪些？
Question
57: What benefits has Christ procured by his mediation?
答：基督藉其中保職分，已經贏得救贖，以及恩典之約的一切恩福。
Answer:
Christ, by his mediation, has procured redemption, with all other benefits of
the covenant of grace.
58問：我們如何得以分享基督所贏得的恩福呢？
Question
58: How do we come to be made partakers of the benefits which Christ has
procured?
答：我們得以分享基督所贏得的恩福，特別是聖靈上帝的工作，將這些恩福實施在我們身上。
Answer:
We are made partakers of the benefits which Christ has procured, by the
application of them unto us, which is the work especially of God the Holy
Ghost.
59問：誰得以分享基督作成的救贖？
Question
59: Who are made partakers of redemption through Christ?
答：救贖的實施是確定的，有效的傳達給一切基督所買贖的對象；到了所定之時刻，聖靈賜能力給他們，使他們按照福音來相信基督。
Answer:
Redemption is certainly applied, and effectually communicated, to all those for
whom Christ has purchased it; who are in time by the Holy Ghost enabled to
believe in Christ according to the gospel.
60問：那些從未聽過福音，既不認識也不相信耶穌基督的人，他們按照自然界的亮光來生活，能不能因此得救呢？
Question
60: Can they who have never heard the gospel, and so know not Jesus Christ, nor
believe in him, be saved by their living according to the light of nature?
答：那些從未聽過福音，既不認識也不相信耶穌基督的人，是不能得救的；即使他們是照著自然界的亮光，或自己所宣稱的宗教法則，以前所未有的殷勤，來調整他們的生活，也是不能。救恩是唯獨在基督裡，除祂以外別無拯救，祂只是教會的救主，教會是祂的身體。
Answer:
They who, having never heard the gospel, know not Jesus Christ, and believe not
in him, cannot be saved, be they never so diligent to frame their lives
according to the light of nature, or the laws of that religion which they
profess; neither is there salvation in any other, but in Christ alone, who is
the Savior only of his body the church.
61問：凡聽到福音並參加教會生活的人，都必定得救嗎？
Question
61: Are all they saved who hear the gospel, and live in the church?
答：凡聽到福音並參加有形教會生活的人，並不都是得救的；唯有屬於無形教會的真正會員，才是得救的。
Answer:
All that hear the gospel, and live in the visible church, are not saved; but
they only who are true members of the church invisible.
62問：何謂有形的教會？
Question
62: What is the visible church?
答：有形的教會，是由歷世歷代世界各地，所有告白真實信仰的人，以及他們的兒女，所組成的團體。
Answer:
The visible church is a society made up of all such as in all ages and places
of the world do profess the true religion, and of their children.
63問：有形的教會所特有的權益，是哪些？
Question
63: What are the special privileges of the visible church?
答：有形的教會所特有的權益，是：
（1）在神的特別保護與治理之下；
（2）歷世歷代蒙保守護佑，得勝一切仇敵的攻擊；
（3）享受聖徒相通團契，救恩的施恩媒介（聖道，聖禮）， 主基督所賜的各樣恩典；這些是在教會中的福音事奉裡，賜給全體會員的。這福音見證：一切信祂的人，都必得救，凡到祂這裡來的人，一個也不丟棄。
Answer:
The visible church has the privilege of being under God’s special care and
government; of being protected and preserved in all ages, not withstanding the
opposition of all enemies; and of enjoying the communion of saints, the
ordinary means of salvation, and offers of grace by Christ to all the members
of it in the ministry of the gospel, testifying, that whosoever believes in him
shall be saved, and excluding none that will come unto him.
64問：何謂無形的教會？
Question
64: What is the invisible church?
答：無形的教會，是全體選民所組成的團體，包括過去，現在，未來，所有被召聚在元首基督里合而為一的選民。
Answer:
The invisible church is the whole number of the elect, that have been, are, or
shall be gathered into one under Christ the head.
65 問：無形教會的會員，借著基督所享受的特別恩福有哪些？
Question
65: What special benefits do the members of the invisible church enjoy by
Christ?
答：無形教會的會員，借著基督所享受的是：在榮耀與恩典中，與祂聯合併相交團契。
Answer:
The members of the invisible church by Christ enjoy union and communion with
him in grace and glory.
66問：選民所享有的「與基督聯合」，是指什麼？
Question
66: What is that union which the elect have with Christ?
答：選民所享有的「與基督聯合」是神恩典的作為，藉此他們與基督聯合，基督是他們的元首與丈夫，這是屬靈的與奧秘的，也是真實的與不可分離的聯合。這是在他們所得的「有效恩召」裡成就的。
Answer:
The union which the elect have with Christ is the work of God’s grace, whereby
they are spiritually and mystically, yet really and inseparably, joined to
Christ as their head and husband; which is done in their effectual calling.
67問：「有效的恩召」是什麼？
Question
67: What is effectual calling?
答：「有效的恩召」是上帝的全能與恩典的作為，出自祂對選民的白白與特別的愛，並非由於他們身上有任何原因促使祂如此作；在祂悅納的時候，祂以此有效恩召，吸引他們歸向耶穌基督，這是藉著祂的聖道與聖靈所作成的。
Answer:
Effectual calling is the work of God’s almighty power and grace, whereby (out
of his free and special love to his elect, and from nothing in them moving him
thereunto) he does, in his accepted time, invite and draw them to Jesus Christ,
by his Word and Spirit; savingly enlightening their minds, renewing and
powerfully determining their wills, so as they (although in themselves dead in
sin) are hereby made willing and able freely to
Answer:
his call, and to accept and embrace the grace offered and conveyed therein.
68問；唯獨選民所蒙的恩召是有效的嗎？
Question
68: Are the elect only effectually called?
答：唯獨所有選民，他們所蒙的恩召是有效的；雖然其他的人，或許常常經由聖道的傳講，得著外在的呼召，並且有聖靈一般性的運行；然而，他們故意忽略並輕視所賜給他們的恩典，罪有應得，被留置在其不信景況中，他們是從未真正歸向耶穌基督。
Answer:
All the elect, and they only, are effectually called; although others may be,
and often are, outwardly called by the ministry of the Word, and have some
common operations of the Spirit; who, for their wilful neglect and contempt of
the grace offered to them, being justly left in their unbelief, do never truly
come to Jesus Christ.
69問：無形教會的會員，在恩典中與基督的相交，是指什麼？
Question
69: What is the communion in grace which the members of the invisible church
have with Christ?
答：無形教會的會員，在恩典中與基督的相交，是有分於中保基督所作成的救贖果效，使他們得以稱義，得兒女名分，成聖，以及今生一切的福分，這都顯明他們是與基督聯合。
Answer:
The communion in grace which the members of the invisible church have with
Christ, is their partaking of the virtue of his mediation, in their
justification, adoption, sanctification, and: Whatever else, in this life,
manifests their union with him.
70問：「稱義」是什麼？
Question
70: What is justification?
答：稱義是神的作為，祂將白白的恩典賜給罪人，藉此祂赦免他們一切的罪，接納他們，使他們在祂面前被算為義；這並非因在他們裡面成就了什麼，或他們作了什麼，乃是唯獨因為基督的完美順服與償清罪債；神將此歸算在他們身上，並且是唯獨藉著信心領受的。
Answer:
Justification is an act of God’s free grace unto sinners, in which he pardons
all their sins, accepts and accounts their persons righteous in his sight; not
for any thing wrought in them, or done by them, but only for the perfect
obedience and full satisfaction of Christ, by God imputed to them, and received
by faith alone.
71問：為何「稱義」是神白白恩典的作為？
Question
71: How is justification an act of God’s free grace?
答：雖然基督藉著順服與受死，的確為我們向神獻上贖罪，這是適當，真實與完全的滿足了神公義的要求。然而，事實上：
（1）神可以定規我們要自己負責，然而神接納藉著中保代贖來滿足祂公義的要求
（2）神親自賜下這位中保，就是祂的獨生子，將祂兒子的義歸算給我們，
（3）我們得以稱義並非出於我們自己，唯獨是藉著信，連這信心也是祂所賜的；
所以，我們得以稱義，對我們而言，完全是神白白的恩典。
Answer:
Although Christ, by his obedience and death, did make a proper, real, and full
satisfaction to God’s justice in the behalf of them that are justified; yet
inasmuch as God accepts the satisfaction from a surety, which he might have
demanded of them, and did provide this surety, his own only Son, imputing his
righteousness to them, and requiring nothing of them for their justification
but faith, which also is his gift, their justification is to them of free
grace.
72問：「稱義的信心」是什麼？
Question
72: What is justifying faith?
答：稱義的信心是拯救的恩典，聖靈與神的道在罪人心中做成的。藉此恩典：
（1）罪人確知自己的罪與苦況，以及自己與所有其他受造物都不能拯救他脫離其失喪的情況；
（2）他不僅是認同福音應許的真理，更是領受與依靠基督與祂的義；
（3）他因此罪得赦免，在神面前得蒙悅納，被算為義，以致得救。
Answer:
Justifying faith is a saving grace, wrought in the heart of a sinner by the
Spirit and Word of God, whereby he, being convinced of his sin and misery, and
of the disability in himself and all other creatures to recover him out of his
lost condition, not only assents to the truth of the promise of the gospel, but
receives and rests upon Christ and his righteousness, therein held forth, for
pardon of sin, and for the accepting and accounting of his person righteous in
the sight of God for salvation.
73問：信心如何使罪人在神面前得稱為義？
Question
73: How does faith justify a sinner in the sight of God?
答：信心使罪人在神面前得稱為義，
（1）並非因為那些必與之俱來的其他恩惠，也不是因為信心所結的善行之果，也不是因為將信心的恩惠（或因之而來的行為）歸算在罪人身上，使他稱義；
（2）只是因為信心是媒介工具，罪人藉此領受並支取基督和祂的義。
Answer:
Faith justifies a sinner in the sight of God, not because of those other graces
which do always accompany it, or of good works that are the fruits of it, nor
as if the grace of faith, or any act thereof, were imputed to him for his
justification; but only as it is an instrument by which he receives and applies
Christ and his righteousness.
74問：「收納」是指什麼？
Question
74: What is adoption?
答：「收納」是指神白白恩典的行動，在祂兒子裡，也是為了祂的兒子，賜給我們兒女的名分。
（1）藉此，凡是被稱為義的人，都被收納為祂眾兒女中的一份子，他們都歸屬祂的名下，將祂兒子的靈賜給他們；
（2）他們得到天父的眷顧與供應，得著神兒女一切的自由與特別權利，成為諸般應許的後嗣，在榮耀中與基督一同繼承產業。
Answer:
Adoption is an act of the free grace of God, in and for his only Son Jesus
Christ, whereby all those that are justified are received into the number of
his children, have his name put upon them, the Spirit of his Son given to them,
are under his fatherly care and dispensations, admitted to all the liberties
and privileges of the sons of God, made heirs of all the promises, and fellow
heirs with Christ in glory.
75問：「成聖」是什麼？
Question
75: What is sanctification?
答：「成聖」是神恩典的工作，藉此，那些在創立世界以先，就蒙神揀選成為聖潔的人：
（1）在時候滿足的時候，神藉著聖靈大能的運行，將基督的死與復活的果效，實施在他們身上，更新全人恢復神的形像；
（2）將悔改得生命的種子，以及其他一切的救贖恩典，都置入他們心中；這些恩典激勵，增長，加強他們，使他們越來越向罪死，越來越活出新生的樣式。
Answer:
Sanctification is a work of God’s grace, whereby they whom God has, before the
foundation of the world, chosen to be holy, are in time, through the powerful
operation of his Spirit applying the death and resurrection of Christ unto
them, renewed in their whole man after the image of God; having the seeds of
repentance unto life, and all other saving graces, put into their hearts, and
those graces so stirred up, increased, and strengthened, as that they more and
more die unto sin, and rise unto newness of life.
76問：什麼是「悔改得生命」？
Question
76: What is repentance unto life?
答：「悔改得生命」是拯救的恩典，是神的聖靈與聖道在罪人心中所作成的：
（1）使他不僅意識到己罪的危險，也意識到己罪的污穢與醜陋；
（2）並且使他領悟到：悔改的罪人，在基督裡必蒙神的憐憫；
（3）因此他憂傷並恨惡自己的罪，以致他轉離一切罪惡歸向神，並且定意竭力在新生命中全然順服神，恆切與祂同行。
Answer:
Repentance unto life is a saving grace, wrought in the heart of a sinner by the
Spirit and Word of God, whereby, out of the sight and sense, not only of the
danger, but also of the filthiness and odiousness of his sins, and upon the
apprehension of God’s mercy in Christ to such as are penitent, he so grieves
for and hates his sins, as that he turns from them all to God, purposing and
endeavoring constantly to walk with him in all the ways of new obedience.
77問：稱義與成聖有何不同？
Question
77: Wherein do justification and sanctification differ?
答：成聖與稱義是密不可分的，然而兩者仍有不同：
（1）稱義，是神將基督的義歸算給我們；成聖，是神藉著聖靈將恩典融入我們裡面，使我們能操練聖潔；
（2）稱義使我們的罪得赦免；成聖使我們的罪被制伏；
（3）稱義，使所有信徒一致從神義怒刑罰中得釋放，在今生全然稱義，此後絕不再定罪；成聖，每位信徒長進的程度不一，無人在今生能達到完全，乃是不斷在聖潔上長進，漸臻完全。
Answer:
Although sanctification be inseparably joined with justification, yet they
differ, in that God in justification imputes the righteousness of Christ;in
sanctification his Spirit infuses grace, and enables to the exercise thereof;
in the former, sin is pardoned; in the other, it is subdued:the one does
equally free all believers from the revenging wrath of God, and that perfectly
in this life, that they never fall into condemnation; the other is neither
equal in all, nor in this life perfect in any, but growing up to perfection.
78問：信徒在今生不能完全成聖，原因從何而來？
Question
78: Whence arises the imperfection of sanctification in believers?
答：信徒在今生不能完全成聖，原因來自他們生命中餘留的罪，埋伏作祟，並且肉體情慾持續的與聖靈相爭；他們常受試探攻擊而犯罪跌倒。所以，他們一切的屬靈事奉，都受到阻礙；即使是最佳的善行，在神眼中仍是不完全而且是污損的。
Answer:
The imperfection of sanctification in believers arises from the remnants of sin
abiding in every part of them, and the perpetual lustings of the flesh against
the spirit; whereby they are often foiled with temptations, and fall into many
sins, are hindered in all their spiritual services, and their best works are
imperfect and defiled in the sight of God.
79問：因為真信徒既不完全，又被許多試探罪惡所勝，他們是不是會從蒙恩的狀態中失落？
Question
79: May not true believers, by reason of their imperfections, and the many
temptations and sins they are overtaken with, fall away from the state of grace
?
答：因為神永不改變的愛，祂的旨意和聖約賜給他們恆久忍耐的能力，他們與基督的連合是無法分開的，基督持續地為他們代求，聖靈與神的道種住在他們心裡；所以真信徒，最終不會也完全不會從蒙恩的狀態中墮落，乃是蒙神的能力保守，藉著信心而得救到底。
Answer:
True believers, by reason of the unchangeable love of God, and his decree and
covenant to give them perseverance, their inseparable union with Christ, his
continual intercession for them, and the Spirit and seed of God abiding in
them, can neither totally nor finally fall away from the state of grace, but
are kept by the power of God through faith unto salvation.
80問：真信徒是否能無誤的確信自己有蒙恩的身分，並且在其中能堅忍到底而至終得救？
Question
80: Can true believers be infallibly assured that they are in the estate of
grace, and that they shall persevere therein unto salvation?
答：是的。凡是真心相信基督，並且竭力以全然清潔的良心行在祂面前的人，可以毫無疑問的確信：他們有蒙恩的身分，並且必能在其中堅忍到底而至終得救。他們有此確據，並非是藉著超常的啟示，乃是：
（1）藉著信心，此信是根據神所應許的真理；並且
（2）藉著聖靈 ，使他們能分辨自己裡面所得到的諸般恩典，即所賜的生命應許；聖靈與他們的心同證他們是神的兒女。
Answer:
Such as truly believe in Christ, and endeavor to walk in all good conscience
before him, may, without extraordinary revelation, by faith grounded upon the
truth of God’s promises, and by the Spirit enabling them to discern in
themselves those graces to which the promises of life are made, and bearing
witness with their spirits that they are the children of God, be infallibly
assured that they are in the estate of grace, and shall persevere therein unto
salvation.
81問：所有真信徒，是否每時刻都確知，自己正在蒙恩的景況中，而且至終必得救？
Question
81: Are all true believers at all times assured of their present being in the
estate of grace, and that they shall be saved?
答：因為蒙恩得救的確據，並非信心的本質，所以真信徒可能要等一段長時間，才會得著確據。他們在享受此確據之後，由於遭到各種身心疾病、罪惡、試探、離棄，可能使他們對此確據的感受，減少或中斷。然而，他們絕不會失去神的靈之同在與扶持，祂必保守他們免於陷入徹底絕望之中。
Answer:
Assurance of grace and salvation not being of the essence of faith, true
believers may wait long before they obtain it; and, after the enjoyment
thereof, may have it weakened and intermitted, through manifold distempers,
sins, temptations, and desertions; yet are they never left without such a
presence and support of the Spirit of God as keeps them from sinking into utter
despair.
82問：無形教會的成員，如何在榮耀裡與基督相交？
Question
82: What is the communion in glory which the members of the invisible church
have with Christ?
答：無形教會的成員，在榮耀裡與基督相交，是：從今生，到死後，直到最終在復活與審判日的完全相交。
Answer:
The communion in glory which the members of the invisible church have with
Christ, is in this life, immediately after death, and at last perfected at the
resurrection and day of judgment.
83問：無形教會的會員在榮耀裡與基督相交，在今生所享受的有哪些？
Question
83: What is the communion in glory with Christ which the members of the
invisible church enjoy in this life?
答：無形教會的會員在今生享有的，是與基督同得榮耀的初熟之果，因為他們是元首基督的肢體，所以他們與祂所完全擁有的榮耀有分；因此，他們在今生享受神的愛，良心的平安，聖靈中的喜樂，並榮耀的盼望，作為他們得基業的憑據。
Answer:
The members of the invisible church have communicated to them in this life the
firstfruits of glory with Christ, as they are members of him their head, and so
in him are interested in that glory which he is fully possessed of; and, as an
earnest thereof, enjoy the sense of God’s love, peace of conscience, joy in the
Holy Ghost, and hope of glory; as, on the contrary, sense of God’s revenging
wrath, horror of conscience, and a fearful expectation of judgment, are to the
wicked the beginning of their torments which they shall endure after death.
84問：所有人都會死嗎？
Question
84: Shall all men die?
答：死是罪的工價，按著定命人人都有一死；因為所有的人都犯了罪。
Answer:
Death being threatened as the wages of sin, it is appointed unto all men once
to die; for that all have sinned.
85問：雖然死是罪的工價，然而在基督裡義人所有的罪已蒙赦免，為何他們沒有蒙拯救脫離死亡呢？
Question
85: Death, being the wages of sin, why are not the righteous delivered from
death, seeing all their sins are forgiven in Christ?
答：義人將在末日蒙拯救脫離死亡本身；即使他們在死時，也蒙拯救脫離罪的毒鉤與咒詛；所以，雖然他們會死，然而這是出於神的愛，完全釋放他們脫離罪與痛苦，使他們在那時進入榮耀裡，能與基督更深的交通。
Answer:
The righteous shall be delivered from death itself at the last day, and even in
death are delivered from the sting and curse of it; so that, although they die,
yet it is out of God’s love, to free them perfectly from sin and misery, and to
make them capable of further communion with Christ in glory, which they then
enter upon.
86問：無形教會的會員在榮耀裡與基督相交，在死後立即享受的有哪些？
Question
86: What is the communion in glory with Christ, which the members of the
invisible church enjoy immediately after death ?
答：無形教會的會員在榮耀裡與基督相交，在死後立即享受的，是：他們的靈魂在那時就成為完全聖潔，被接入天上至高之處，在那光明與榮耀之處，他們得見神的面，等候他們的身體完全得贖；他們的身體在死時，繼續與基督聯合，在墳墓中安睡，等候末日時重新與他們的靈魂結合。
反之，惡人的靈魂在死時，被丟入陰間，在至深的黑暗與痛苦中存留；他們的身體被拘禁在墳墓裡，直到復活與審判的大日。
Answer:
The communion in glory with Christ, which the members of the invisible church
enjoy immediately after death, is, in that their souls are then made perfect in
holiness, and received into the highest heavens, where they behold the face of
God in light and glory, waiting for the full redemption of their bodies, which
even in death continue united to Christ, and rest in their graves as in their
beds, till at the last day they be again united to their souls. Whereas the
souls of the wicked are at their death cast into hell, where they remain in
torments and utter darkness, and their bodies kept in their graves, as in their
prisons, till the resurrection and judgment of the great day.
87問；有關復活，我們所當信的是什麼？
Question
87: What are we to believe concerning the resurrection?
答：我們當信：在末日死人都要復活，包括義人與不義之人；那時還存活的人，在剎那間都要改變。安置在墳墓中死人的身體，因著基督的大能要復活，重新與他們的靈魂結合直到永遠。義人的身體，因著基督他們的元首已經從死裡復活，就藉著基督的靈，將復活成為大有能的、屬靈的、不朽壞的身體、與祂的榮耀身體相似。惡人的身體將復活成為羞辱的身體，因為他們得罪主基督，祂叫他們復活受審判。
Answer:
We are to believe, that at the last day there shall be a general resurrection
of the dead, both of the just and unjust: when they that are then found alive
shall in a moment be changed; and the selfsame bodies of the dead which were
laid in the grave, being then again united to their souls forever, shall be
raised up by the power of Christ. The bodies of the just, by the Spirit of
Christ, and by virtue of his resurrection as their head, shall be raised in
power, spiritual, incorruptible, and made like to his glorious body; and the
bodies of the wicked shall be raised up in dishonor by him, as an offended
judge.
88問：復活之後，立即發生什麼事情？
Question
88: What shall immediately follow after the resurrection?
答：復活之後，立即開始向天使與世人，執行最終的大審判。那日子那時辰，沒有人知道，以致眾人都要儆醒禱告，隨時預備好，等候主的降臨。
Answer:
Immediately after the resurrection shall follow the general and final judgment
of angels and men; the day and hour whereof no man knows, that all may watch
and pray, and be ever ready for the coming of the Lord.
89問：在審判的日子，惡人所要遭到的是什麼？
Question
89: What shall be done to the wicked at the day of judgment?
答：在審判的日子，惡人將被置於基督的左邊，並且依據確實的證據，和他們自己良心的完全認罪，就被公開宣判他們遭到可怕卻公義的定罪；然後他們就被逐離開神的施恩同在，與基督、聖徒、並所有天使的榮耀團契隔絕；他們被拋進地獄，身體靈魂遭受無法描述的痛苦，與魔鬼及其使者一同受刑罰直到永遠。
Answer:
At the day of judgment, the wicked shall be set on Christ’s left hand, and,
upon clear evidence, and full conviction of their own consciences, shall have
the fearful but just sentence of condemnation pronounced against them; and
thereupon shall be cast out from the favorable presence of God, and the
glorious fellowship with Christ, his saints, and all his holy angels, into
hell, to be punished with unspeakable torments, both of body and soul, with the
devil and his angels forever.
90問：在審判的日子，義人所要承受的是什麼？
Question
90: What shall be done to the righteous at the day of judgment?
答：在審判的日子，
（1）義人要被提到雲裡與基督同在，被安置在祂的右邊，公開被主承認與宣判無罪，與祂一同審判被遺棄的天使與世人；
（2）義人將要被接入天堂，在那裡，永遠並完全的脫離一切罪惡與痛苦；他們被無法想像的喜樂所充滿，身體靈魂都完全成聖與蒙福，與數不過來的聖徒和聖天使同在一起；
（3）然而，特別是面對面直接看見聖父上帝，我們的主耶穌基督，以及聖靈，享受至終成就的喜樂，直到永遠。
（4）這就是無形教會的會員，在復活時與審判日，在榮耀裡所享受的與基督相交，那是完美的與滿足的團契。
Answer:
At the day of judgment, the righteous, being caught up to Christ in the clouds,
shall be set on his right hand, and there openly acknowledged and acquitted,
shall join with him in the judging of reprobate angels and men, and shall be
received into heaven, where they shall be fully and forever freed from all sin
and misery; filled with inconceivable joys, made perfectly holy and happy both
in body and soul, in the company of innumerable saints and holy angels, but
especially in the immediate vision and fruition of God the Father, of our Lord
Jesus Christ, and of the Holy Spirit, to all eternity. And this is the perfect
and full communion, which the members of the invisible church shall enjoy with
Christ in glory, at the resurrection and day of judgment.
91問：神要人所當盡的本分是什麼？
Question
91: What is the duty which God requires of man?
答：神要人所當盡的本分，是順從祂所啟示的旨意。
Answer:
The duty which God requires of man, is obedience to his revealed will.
92問：神起初所啟示給人，要人順從的法則是什麼？
Question
92: What did God at first reveal unto man as the rule of his obedience?
答：當亞當在無罪狀態時，神啟示給他以及屬他的全人類，要人順從的法則，除了特別命令「不可吃那分別善惡樹上的果子」之外，就是道德律。
Answer:
The rule of obedience revealed to Adam in the estate of innocence, and to all
mankind in him, besides a special command not to eat of the fruit of the tree
of the knowledge of good and evil, was the moral law.
93問：什麼是道德律？
Question
93: What is the moral law?
答：道德律是神向人類所宣告的旨意，指引並約束每一個人都要親自來完全並持續遵從祂的旨意；這是賦予在整個人（靈魂與身體）的構造與意向中，為要使人履行他所有對神對人所當盡的聖潔仁義本分：神應許遵行者得生命，警告悖逆者必定死。
Answer:
The moral law is the declaration of the will of God to mankind, directing and
binding everyone to personal, perfect, and perpetual conformity and obedience
thereunto, in the frame and disposition of the whole man, soul and body, and in
performance of all those duties of holiness and righteousness which he owes to
God and man: promising life upon the fulfilling, and threatening death upon the
breach of it.
94問：在人犯罪墮落之後，道德律還有任何功用嗎？
Question
94: Is there any use of the moral law to man since the fall?
答：雖然在人犯罪墮落之後，沒有人可以藉著遵行道德律而稱義得生命；然而，道德律仍有極大的功用，對於全人類都有用處，對未重生者與重生者各自有其特定功用。
Answer:
Although no man, since the fall, can attain to righteousness and life by the
moral law; yet there is great use thereof, as well common to all men, as
peculiar either to the unregenerate, or the regenerate.
95問：道德律對於全人類的功用是什麼？
Question
95: Of what use is the moral law to all men?
答：道德律對全人類的功用是：
（1）使人們知道神的聖潔屬性與旨意，以及他們的責任，約束他們要照著遵行；
（2）使人們知道自己沒有能力遵守道德律，認清自己的心性與生命已經被罪惡污染；
（3）使他們謙卑承認自己的罪與苦況，因此幫助他們更清楚看見，自己需要基督，需要倚靠基督的完全順服
Answer:
The moral law is of use to all men, to inform them of the holy nature and will
of God, and of their duty, binding them to walk accordingly;to convince them of
their disability to keep it, and of the sinful pollution of their nature,
hearts, and lives; to humble them in the sense of their sin and misery, and
thereby help them to a clearer sight of the need they have of Christ, and of
the perfection of his obedience.
96問：道德律對未重生者的特別功用是什麼？
Question
96: What particular use is there of the moral law to unregenerate men?
答：道德律對於未重生者的功用是：喚醒他們的良知，逃避將來的忿怒，促使他們歸向基督；如果他們繼續活在罪中行走罪路，就使他們無可推諉，因此遭到咒詛。
Answer:
The moral law is of use to unregenerate men, to awaken their consciences to
flee from wrath to come, and to drive them to Christ; or, upon their
continuance in the estate and way of sin, to leave them inexcusable, and under
the curse thereof.
97問：道德律對於已重生者，有何特別功用？
Question
97: What special use is there of the moral law to the regenerate?
答：對於已經重生，相信基督的人，道德律對他們不再是「行為之約」了，他們不再按照道德律來稱義或定罪。然而，道德律除了對於所有人仍有普遍功用之外；對已重生者，道德律有特別的功用：
（1）向他們顯示主基督與他們是何等緊密的連結，因為祂為他們的益處，成全了道德律，代替他們承擔了咒詛；
（2）藉此，促使他們更加感恩；也使他們存感恩之心，更加謹慎來遵行道德律，作為成聖生活的指南。
Answer:
Although they that are regenerate, and believe in Christ, be delivered from the
moral law as a covenant of works, so as thereby they are neither justified nor
condemned; yet, besides the general uses thereof common to them with all men,
it is of special use, to show them: How much they are bound to Christ for his
fulfilling it, and enduring the curse thereof in their stead, and for their
good; and thereby to provoke them to more thankfulness, and to express the same
in their greater care to conform themselves thereunto as the rule of their
obedience.
98問：道德律的總綱是什麼？
Question
98: Where is the moral law summarily comprehended?
答：道德律的總綱是十誡，十誡是神在西乃山上親口頒布的，親手寫在兩塊石版上，並且記在出埃及記二十章。前四誡包含了我們向神當盡的本分，後六誡是我們向人當盡的本分。
Answer:
The moral law is summarily comprehended in the ten commandments, which were
delivered by the voice of God upon Mount Sinai, and written by him in two
tables of stone; and are recorded in the twentieth chapter of Exodus. The four
first commandments containing our duty to God, and the other six our duty to
man.
99問：為要正確理解十誡，必須遵從哪些規則？
Question
99: What rules are to be observed for the right understanding of the ten
commandments?
答：為要正確理解十誡，必須遵從下列規則：
Answer:
For the right understanding of the ten commandments, these rules are to be
observed:
1. 律法是全備的：每個人都有義務以全人來完全遵從，活出義的生活，永遠完全順服；因此律法要求以最完美的標準來克盡職守，以最高的要求嚴禁罪惡。
That
the law is perfect, and binds everyone to full conformity in the whole man unto
the righteousness thereof, and unto entire obedience forever; so as to require
the utmost perfection of every duty, and to forbid the least degree of every
sin.
2. 律法是屬靈的：其範圍涉及人的悟性，意志，情感，與心靈其他一切功能；也包括言語，行為，態度。
That
it is spiritual, and so reaches the understanding, will, affections, and all
other powers of the soul; as well as words, works, and gestures.
3. 十誡論到同一事情，會重複出現在幾個誡命中，乃是按照其不同層面來吩咐，有的是要求遵行，有的是禁止。
That
one and the same thing, in divers respects, is required or forbidden in several
commandments.
4. 十誡吩咐一項正面責任時，同時禁止負面違反此責任的罪；禁止人犯負面的罪時，同時吩咐與此罪相反的正面責任。所以，十誡中應許遵行者得福時，即涵蓋違背者必遭對應的刑罰；警告違背者必遭刑罰時，即涵蓋遵行者必得對應的恩福。
That
as, where a duty is commanded, the contrary sin is forbidden; and, where a sin
is forbidden, the contrary duty is commanded: so, where a promise is annexed,
the contrary threatening is included; and, where a threatening is annexed, the
contrary promise is included.
5. 神所禁止的，任何時候都不可作；祂所吩咐的，永是我們的責任；但每個責任並非是每時刻都要行。
That:
What God forbids, is at no time to be done;: What he commands, is always our
duty; and yet every particular duty is not to be done at all times.
6. 論到一項罪惡或責任時，同類的罪惡也遭到禁止，同類的責任也在命令的範圍之內；這包括了彼此相關的，所有原因，方式，場合，表現，以及導致的誘因。
That
under one sin or duty, all of the same kind are forbidden or commanded;
together with all the causes, means, occasions, and appearances thereof, and
provocations thereunto.
7. 十誡禁止或吩咐我們作的，我們有義務在處境中，盡全力去使他人在其處境中盡責任，也避免觸犯所禁止的，或遵行所吩咐的；
That:
What is forbidden or commanded to ourselves, we are bound, according to our
places, to endeavor that it may be avoided or performed by others, according to
the duty of their places.
8. 十誡吩咐他人所遵行的，我們根據處境與呼召，有義務幫助他們去遵行；並且留心不要涉入十誡禁止他人所作的。
That
in: What is commanded to others, we are bound, according to our places and
callings, to be helpful to them; and to take heed of partaking with others in:
What is forbidden them.
問100：在十誡中，有哪些具體事項是我們當注重的？
Question
100: What special things are we to consider in the ten commandments?
答：我們當注重十誡的：序言，十誡的內容，和附加的理由來遵行之。
Answer:
We are to consider, in the ten commandments, the preface, the substance of the
commandments themselves, and several reasons annexed to some of them, the more
to enforce them.