泥巴

2018-01-11

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第十一章 論稱義

Chapter XI. Of Justification.

11.1 蒙上帝有效呼召而來的人，上帝也白白稱他們為義。但不是將義注入他們裡面；而是赦免他們的罪，算他們為義，接納他們為義人。這不是因為在他們裡面做了甚麼，或是他們自己做了甚麼，而是唯獨因為基督的緣故，稱他們為義。這並不是因為他們有信心、相信的行動、或任何其他順服行為，而將這些算為義歸給他們﹔乃是將基督的順服、滿足上帝公義的要求所做成的義，歸給他們，因此他們藉著信心領受並倚靠祂和祂的義﹔而此信心並不是出於他們自己，乃是上帝所賜的。

I. Those whom God effectually calleth, He also freely justifieth;(a) not by infusing righteousness into them, but by pardoning their sins, and by accounting and accepting their persons as righteous, not for anything wrought in them, or done by them, but for Christ’s sake alone; nor by imputing faith itself, the act of believing, or any other evangelical obedience to them, as their righteousness, but by imputing the obedience and satisfaction of Christ unto them,(b) they receiving and resting on Him and His righteousness by faith; which faith they have not of themselves, it is the gift of God.(c)

a) Rom. 8:30; Rom. 3:24. (b) Rom. 4:5, 6, 7, 8; II Cor. 5:19, 21; Rom. 3:22, 24, 25, 27, 28; Tit. 3:5, 7; Eph. 1:7; Jer. 23:6; I Cor. 1:30, 31; Rom. 5:17, 18, 19. (c) Acts 10:43; Gal. 2:16; Phil. 3:19; Acts 13:38, 39; Eph. 2:7, 8.

11.2 「信」就是如此領受並倚靠基督和祂的義，這信乃是稱義的唯一媒介；然而此信在被稱義者身上絕不孤單，總是有救恩中其他的恩典伴隨而來，而且這藉以稱義的信，不是死的信心，乃是使人生發仁愛的信心。

II. Faith, thus receiving and resting on Christ and His righteousness, is the alone instrument of justification;(d) yet is it not alone in the person justified, but is ever accompanied with all other saving graces, and is no dead faith, but worketh by love.(e)

(d) John 1:12; Rom. 3:28; Rom. 5:1. (e) Jam. 2:17, 22, 26; Gal. 5:6.

11.3 基督藉著順服和受死，完全清償了一切如此被稱為義之人的罪債，並為他們付上適當、真實、完全的贖價，滿足了聖父的公義要求。然而，因為聖父是為了他們賜下基督，並且因為聖父接納基督的順服與贖罪是代替他們，這二者皆是白白的恩典，不是因他們裡面有任何功德，所以他們的稱義是唯獨出於白白的恩典；使上帝絕對的公義和豐富的恩慈，在罪人稱義上可以得著榮耀。

III. Christ, by His obedience and death, did fully discharge the debt of all those that are thus justified, and did make a proper, real, and full satisfaction to His Father’s justice in their behalf.(f) Yet, inasmuch as He was given by the Father for them;(g) and His obedience and satisfaction accepted in their stead;(h) and both freely, not for anything in them; their justification is only of free grace;(i) that both the exact justice, and rich grace of God, might be glorified in the justification of sinners.(k)

(f) Rom. 5:8, 9, 10, 19; I Tim. 2:5, 6; Heb. 10:10, 14; Dan. 9:24, 26; Isa. 53:4, 5, 6, 10, 11, 12.

(g) Rom. 8:32. (h) II Cor. 5:21; Matt. 3:17; Eph. 5:2. (i) Rom. 3:24; Eph. 1:7. (k) Rom. 3:26; Eph. 2:7.

11.4 上帝在萬古之先，就定旨稱一切選民為義，而基督在日期滿足的時候，就為他們的罪死了，也為他們的稱義復活了﹔雖然如此，他們要等到所定的時刻，聖靈確實將基督施行在他們身上，才得以稱義。

IV. God did, from all eternity, decree to justify all the elect,(l) and Christ did, in the fulness of time, die for their sins, and rise again for their justification:(m) nevertheless, they are not justified, until the Holy Spirit doth, in due time, actually apply Christ unto them.(n)

(l) Gal. 3:8; I Pet. 1:2, 19, 20; Rom. 8:30. (m) Gal. 4:4; I Tim. 2:6; Rom. 4:25.

(n) Col. 1:21, 22; Gal. 2:16; Tit. 3:3, 4, 5, 6, 7.

11.5 上帝確實繼續赦免被稱義之人的罪，雖然他們永遠不能從稱義的地位上墮落，但他們可能因犯罪而落在不討上帝喜悅的狀況裡，就像是兒子因過失使父親不悅，而失去上帝的面光照他們，直到他們自卑、認罪、求饒恕，並重新相信悔改，才能恢復。

V. God doth continue to forgive the sins of those that are justified:(o) and although they can never fall from the state of justification;(p) yet they may, by their sins, fall under God’s fatherly displeasure, and not have the light of His countenance restored unto them, until they humble themselves, confess their sins, beg pardon, and renew their faith and repentance.(q)

(o) Matt. 6:12; I John 1:7, 9; I John 2:1, 2. (p) Luke 22:32; John 10:28; Heb. 10:14.

(q) Ps. 89:31, 32, 33; Ps. 51:7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12; Ps. 32:5; Matt. 26:75; I Cor. 11:30, 32; Luke 1:20.

11.6 舊約時代的信徒稱義，與新約時代的信徒稱義，在每方面都是同一的。

VI. The justification of believers under the old testament was, in all these respects, one and the same with the justification of believers under the new testament.(r)

(r) Gal. 3:9, 13, 14; Rom. 4:22, 23, 24; Heb. 13:8.

第十二章 論得兒子的名份

Chapter XII. Of Adoption.

12.1 凡被稱義的人，上帝賜給他們得兒子名分的恩典，這是在祂的獨生子耶穌基督裡賜給他們的，也是為了祂獨生子耶穌基督的緣故；藉此他們被歸入上帝子民的數目中，得享上帝兒女的自由和權利。他們身上有上帝的名字，領受了賜兒子名分的聖靈，坦然無懼地來到施恩寶座前，能呼叫阿爸父﹔蒙父的憐憫、保護、供養、蒙父親的管教；然而永不被撇棄，反受印記，等候得贖的日子來到，承受應許，為上帝永遠救恩的後嗣。

All those that are justified, God vouchsafeth, in and for His only Son Jesus Christ, to make partakers of the grace of adoption:(a) by which they are taken into the number, and enjoy the liberties and privileges of the children of God,(b) have His name put upon them,(c) receive the spirit of adoption,(d) have access to the throne of grace with boldness,(e) are enabled to cry, Abba, Father,(f) are pitied,(g) protected,(h) provided for,(i) and chastened by Him as by a Father;(k) yet never cast off,(l) but sealed to the day of redemption,(m) and inherit the promises,(n) as heirs of everlasting salvation.(o)

(a) Eph. 1:5. (b) Gal. 4:4, 5; Rom. 8:17; John 1:12. (c) Jer. 14:9; II Cor. 6:18; Rev. 3:12. (d) Rom. 8:15. (e) Eph. 3:12; Rom. 5:2. (f) Gal. 4:6. (g) Ps. 103:13. (h) Prov. 14:26. (i) Matt. 6:30, 32; I Pet. 5:7. (k) Heb. 12:6. (l) Lam. 3:31. (m) Eph. 4:30. (n) Heb. 6:12. (o) I Pet. 1:3, 4; Heb. 1:14.

第十三章 論成聖

Chapter XIII. Of Sanctification.

13.1 凡蒙有效恩召而被重生的人，上帝既然在他們裡面創造新靈和新心，就更因基督受死與復活的功勞，使他們個人真正成聖，這是藉著聖道和聖靈住在他們裡面做成的。罪身的權勢全被滅絕，肉體的各種邪情私慾越來越變衰弱、被治死；他們在一切救贖恩典中越來越被甦醒、得堅固，以致行出真正的聖潔﹔人非聖潔不能見主。

I. They who are once effectually called and regenerated, having a new heart and a new spirit created in them, are further sanctified, really and personally, through the virtue of Christ’s death and resurrection,(a) by His Word and Spirit dwelling in them:(b) the dominion of the whole body of sin is destroyed,(c) and the several lusts thereof are more and more weakened and mortified;(d) and they more and more quickened and strengthened in all saving graces,(e) to the practice of true holiness, without which no man shall see the Lord.(f)

(a) I Cor. 6:11; Acts 20:32; Phil. 3:10; Rom. 6:5, 6. (b) John 17:17; Eph. 5:26; II Thess. 2:13.

13.2 成聖是全人從裡到外的成為聖潔，但在今生的成聖是不會完美的，在人裡面每一部分都還有殘餘的敗壞﹔因此在人裡面有持續不斷、無法化解的爭戰，就是情慾和聖靈相爭，聖靈和情慾相爭。

II. This sanctification is throughout, in the whole man;(g) yet imperfect in this life, there abiding still some remnants of corruption in every part:(h) whence ariseth a continual and irreconcilable war; the flesh lusting against the Spirit, and the Spirit against the flesh.(i)

(g) I Thess. 5:23. (h) I John 1:10; Rom. 7:18, 23; Phil. 3:12. (i) Gal. 5:17; I Pet. 2:11.

13.3 在這場爭戰中，那殘存的敗壞罪性雖然可能暫時甚佔優勢，但是基督的靈使人成聖，不斷加力量給那重生的生命，新人靠這力量必定得勝﹔所以聖徒在恩典中長進，敬畏上帝得以在聖潔上長進，漸臻完全。

III. In which war, although the remaining corruption, for a time, may much prevail;(k) yet through the continual supply of strength from the sanctifying Spirit of Christ, the regenerate part doth overcome;(l) and so, the saints grow in grace,(m) perfecting holiness in the fear of God.(n)

(k) Rom. 7:23. (l) Rom. 6:14; I John 5:4; Eph. 4:15, 16. (m) II Pet. 3:18; II Cor. 3:18. (n) II Cor. 7:1.

第十四章 論得救的信心

Chapter XIV. Of Saving Faith.

14.1信心是神的恩賜，使得選民藉此信心來相信，以致靈魂得救；這信心的恩典，是基督的靈在他們心中的工作，通常是藉著聖道的職事而成就；又藉著聖道的傳講，以及聖禮的施行和禱告，使得信心增長並堅固。

I. The grace of faith, whereby the elect are enabled to believe to the saving of their souls,(a) is the work of the Spirit of Christ in their hearts;(b) and is ordinarily wrought by the ministry of the Word:(c) by which also, and by the administration of the sacraments, and prayer, it is increased and strengthened.(d)

(a) Heb. 10:39.(b) II Cor. 4:13; Eph. 1:17, 18, 19; Eph. 2:8.(c) Rom. 10:14, 17.(d) I Pet. 2:2; Acts 20:32; Rom. 4:11; Luke 17:5; Rom. 1:16, 17.

14.2 藉此信心，基督徒相信《聖經》中所啟示的都為真實，因為上帝以自己的權威在其中說話；又對《聖經》各處經文以不同的行動來回應──對命令要順服，對警戒要畏懼，對上帝所賜今生和來生的應許要歡喜領受。但得救之信心的主要表現是：藉著恩典之約得著並領受基督，並唯獨倚靠基督，得以稱義、成聖、有永生。

II. By this faith, a Christian believeth to be true whatsoever is revealed in the Word, for the authority of God Himself speaking therein;(e) and acteth differently upon that which each particular passage thereof containeth; yielding obedience to the commands,(f) trembling at the threatenings,(g) and embracing the promises of God for this life, and that which is to come.(h) But the principal acts of saving faith are accepting, receiving, and resting upon Christ alone for justification, sanctification, and eternal life, by virtue of the covenant of grace.(i)

(e) John 4:42; I Thess. 2:13; I John 5:10; Acts 24:14.(f) Rom. 16:26.(g) Isa. 66:2.(h) Heb. 11:13; I Tim. 4:8.(i) John 1:12; Acts 16:31; Gal. 2:20; Acts 15:11.

14.3 這信心有程度的不同，或強或弱；雖然常常多方受攻擊，有軟弱，但終必得勝；此信心在許多人裡面長大成熟，直到藉著基督得著充足的確據，基督乃是為我們的信心創始成終。

III. This faith is different in degrees, weak or strong;(k) may be often and many ways assailed, and weakened, but gets the victory;(l) growing up in many to the attainment of a full assurance through Christ,(m) who is both the author and finisher of our faith.(n)

(k) Heb. 5:13, 14; Rom. 4:19, 20; Matt. 6:30; Matt. 8:10.(l) Luke 22:31, 32; Eph. 6:16; I John 5:4, 5.(m) Heb. 6:11, 12; Heb. 10:22; Col. 2:2.(n) Heb. 12:2.

第十五章 論悔改得生命

Chapter XV. Of Repentance unto Life.

15.1 悔改得生命，是福音使人得救的恩典，所以每位福音使者不但要傳講信靠基督的道理，也要傳講悔改得生命的教義。

I. Repentance unto life is an evangelical grace,(a) the doctrine whereof is to be preached by every minister of the Gospel, as well as that of faith in Christ.(b)

(a) Zech. 12:10; Acts 11:18. (b) Luke 24:47; Mark 1:15; Acts 20:21.

15.2罪人藉著得生的悔改，看到感受到自己犯罪的危險，更看到感受到他的罪何等污穢可憎，因為違背上帝的神聖本性和公義的律法；他認識上帝在基督裡向悔改之人所顯的恩慈，就為自己的罪憂傷且恨惡己罪，以致轉離一切罪惡，歸向上帝，定意竭力按照上帝一切誡命所吩咐的，與上帝同行。

II. By it, a sinner, out of the sight and sense not only of the danger, but also of the filthiness and odiousness of his sins, as contrary to the holy nature and righteous law of God; and upon the apprehension of his mercy in Christ to such as are penitent, so grieves for, and hates his sins, as to turn from them all unto God,(c) purposing and endeavouring to walk with Him in all the ways of His commandments.(d)

(c) Ezek. 18:30, 31; Ezek. 36:31; Isa. 30:22; Ps. 51:4; Jer. 31:18, 19; Joel 2:12, 13; Amos 5:15; Ps. 119:128; II Cor. 7:11. (d) Ps. 119:6, 59, 106; Luke 1:6; II Kings 23:25.

15.3我們一點也不能倚靠悔改作為對罪過的補償，也絲毫不可將悔改當作是罪蒙赦免的理由，因為赦罪乃是上帝在基督裡白白恩典的作為。然而，悔改對所有罪人而言，都是絕對必須的，若不悔改，就別想得赦免。

III. Although repentance be not to be rested in, as any satisfaction for sin, or any cause of the pardon thereof,(e) which is the act of God’s free grace in Christ;(f) yet is it of such necessity to all sinners, that none may expect pardon without it.(g)

(e) Ezek. 36:31, 32; Ezek. 16:61, 62, 63. (f) Hosea 14:2, 4; Rom. 3:24; Eph. 1:7. (g) Luke 13:3, 5; Acts 17:30, 31.

15.4 沒有一個罪太小，以致不必被定罪﹔照樣，也沒有一個罪太大，能使真心悔改的人仍然沉淪。

IV. As there is no sin so small, but it deserves damnation,(h) so there is no sin so great, that it can bring damnation upon those who truly repent.(i)

(h) Rom. 6:23; Rom. 5:12; Matt. 12:36. (i) Isa. 55:7; Rom. 8:1; Isa. 1:16, 18.

15.5 人不應該滿足於籠統的悔改；人人都有責任，針對自己每一特別的罪，竭力具體悔改

V. Men ought not to content themselves with a general repentance, but it is every man’s duty to endeavour to repent of his particular sins, particularly.(k)

(k) Ps. 19:13; Luke 19:8; I Tim. 1:13, 15.

15.6人人都應該為己罪向上帝私自認罪，祈求赦免；人若藉著認罪並且離棄罪惡，就必蒙憐恤﹔所以凡是得罪弟兄或基督教會的人，應該願意私下或公開認罪，為罪憂傷，向那被他干犯的人表明悔改﹔然後那被干犯者就應當與他和好，以愛心接納他。

VI. As every man is bound to make private confession of his sins to God, praying for the pardon thereof;(l) upon which, and the forsaking of them, he shall find mercy:(m) so, he that scandalizeth his brother, or the Church of Christ, ought to be willing, by a private or public confession, and sorrow for his sin, to declare his repentance to those that are offended,(n) who are thereupon to be reconciled to him, and in love to receive him.(o)

(l) Ps. 51:4, 5, 7, 9, 14; Ps. 32:5, 6. (m) Prov. 28:13; I John 1:9. (n) James 5:16; Luke 17:3, 4; Joshua 7:19; Ps. 51 throughout. (o) II Cor. 2:8.

第十六章 論善行

CAPÍTULO 16 De las Buenas Obras

16.1隻有上帝在《聖經》中所吩咐的，才是善行；至於那些沒有《聖經》根據，出自盲目熱心或假「善良動機」之名的人為作法，根本不是善行。

1. Buenas obras son solamente las que Dios ha ordenado en su santa Palabra[1], y no las que, sin ninguna autoridad para ello, han imaginado los hombres por un fervor ciego o con cualquier pretexto de buena intención[2].

[1] Miqueas 6:8; Romanos 12:2; Hechos 13:21; [2] Mateo 15:9; Isaías 29:13; 1 Pedro 1:18; Romanos 10:2; Juan 16:2; 1 Samuel 15:21-23.

16.2這些因遵守上帝之誡命所作的善行，乃是真信心、活信心的果子與證據。信徒藉善行表達他們的感恩，加強他們的確信，造就弟兄姊妹的德行，尊榮所承認的福音，堵住敵人的口，歸榮耀給上帝。因為信徒乃是上帝的工作，在基督耶穌裡造成的﹔以致結出成聖的果子，所得的結局就是永生。

2. Estas buenas obras, hechas en obediencia a los mandamientos de Dios, son los frutos y evidencias de una fe viva y verdadera[3]; y por ellas manifiestan los creyentes su gratitud[4], fortalecen su seguridad[5], edifican a sus hermanos[6], adornan la profesión del evangelio[7], tapan la boca de los adversarios[8], y glorifican a Dios[9], cuya obra son, creados en Cristo Jesús para buenas obras[10], para que teniendo por fruto la santificación, tengan como fin la vida eterna[11].

[3] Santiago 2:18, 22; [4] Salmo 116:12, 13; 1 Pedro 2:9; [5] 1 Juan 2:3, 5; 2 Pedro 1:5-10; [6] 2 Corintios 9:2; Mateo 5:16; [7] Tito 2:5, 9-12; 1 Timoteo 6:1; [8] 1 Pedro 2:15; [9] 1 Pedro 2:12; Filipenses 1:11; Juan 15:8; [10] Efesios 2:10; [11] Romanos 6:22.

16.3 信徒行善能力一點也不是來自自己，而是完全來自基督的靈。信徒要能行善，除了他們已經領受的諸般恩典之外，還必須有這同一位聖靈在他們裡面運行，主動影響他們，使他們立志行事，成就祂的美意。然而他們不可用此真理作藉口懈怠，以為除非受聖靈的特別感動，否則就不必盡任何本分﹔反之，他們應當慇勤，將他們裡面、從神而來的恩典恩賜，如火挑旺起來。

3. La capacidad que tienen los creyentes para hacer buenas obras no es de ellos en ninguna manera, sino completamente del Espíritu de Cristo[12]. Y para que ellos puedan tener esta capacidad, además de las gracias que han recibido, se necesita la influencia efectiva del mismo Espíritu Santo para obrar en ellos tanto el querer como el hacer por su buena voluntad[13]; sin embargo no deben degenerar en negligencias, como si no estuviesen obligados a obrar aparte de un impulso especial del Espíritu, sino que deben ser diligentes en avivar la gracia de Dios que está en ellos[14].

[12] Juan 15:4-5; Ezequiel 36:26, 27; [13] Filipenses 2:13; Filipenses 4:13; 2 Corintios 3:5; [14] Filipenses 2:12; Hebreos 6:11, 12; Isaías 64:7; 2 Pedro 1:3, 5, 10, 11; 2 Timoteo 1:6; Hechos 26:6, 7; Judas 20, 21.

16.4 那些在今生達到可能達到的順服最高境界者，他們所作到的是絕不可能超過應盡的責任，也不可能比上帝所要求的更多，所以他們所行的，離應盡的責任相差甚遠。

4. Quienes por su obediencia alcancen la máxima de perfección que sea posible en esta vida, quedan tan lejos de llegar a un grado supererogatorio, y de hacer más de lo que Dios requiere, que les falta mucho de lo que por deber tienen que hacer[15].

[15] Lucas 17:10; Nehemías 13:22; Job 9:2, 3; Gálatas 5:17.

16.5 我們最好的善行，也不能使我們配從上帝手中得赦罪或永生。因為我們最好的善行與未來的榮耀相比，實在算不得甚麼；並且因為上帝更是無限地超越我們。我們憑善行既不能叫上帝得益處，又不能補償我們以往的罪債﹔我們就算做完了一切我們所能做的，也只是無用的僕人，所做的本是我們應分做的。而且善行既是良善的，就是出於上帝的靈﹔而善行既是由我們行出來的，就會纔雜了諸多軟弱和不完全，因而被玷污，以致經不起上帝嚴格的審判。

5. Nosotros no podemos, por nuestra mejores obras, merecer el perdón del pecado o la vida eterna de la mano de Dios, a causa de la gran desproporción que existe entre nuestras obras y la gloria que ha de venir, y por la distancia infinita que hay entre nosotros y Dios, a quien no podemos beneficiar por dichas obras, ni satisfacer la deuda de nuestros pecados anteriores[16]; pero cuando hemos hecho todo lo que podemos, no hemos hecho más que nuestro deber, y somos siervos inútiles[17]; y además nuestras obras son buenas porque proceden de su Espíritu[18], y en cuanto son hechas por nosotros, son impuras y contaminadas con tanta debilidad e imperfección, que no pueden soportar la severidad del juicio de Dios[19].

[16] Romanos 3:20; Romanos 4:2, 4, 6; Efesios 2:8, 9; Salmo 16:2; Tito 3:5-7; Romanos 8:18; Job 22:2,3; Job 35, 7,8; [17] Lucas 17:10; [18] Gálatas 5:22, 23; [19] Isaías 64:6; Salmo 143:2; Salmo 130:3; Gálatas 5:17; Romanos 7:15, 18.

16.6 然而，信徒本身既藉基督蒙悅納，他們的善行就也在基督裡蒙悅納。這不是說，在上帝眼中他們在今生是毫無瑕疵、無可指摘似的﹔而是說，上帝既是在他兒子裡看他們，就悅納並賞賜那些誠心的善行，雖然有許多軟弱和不完全伴隨著。

6. Sin embargo, a pesar de lo anterior, siendo aceptadas las personas de los creyentes por medio de Cristo, sus buenas obras también son aceptadas en Él[20]; no como si fueran en esta vida enteramente irreprochables e irreprensibles a la vista de Dios[21], sino que a Él, mirándolas en su Hijo, le place aceptar y recompensar lo que es sincero, aun cuando esté acompañado de muchas debilidades e imperfecciones[22].

[20] Efesios 1:6; 1 Pedro 2:5; Éxodo 28:38; Génesis 4:4 con Hebreos 11:4; [21] Job 9:20; Salmo 143:2; [22] 2 Corintios 8:12; Hebreos 13:20, 21; Hebreos 6:10; Mateo 25:21, 23.

16.7 未重生之人所行的事，雖然事情本身可能是上帝所吩咐的，對己對人都有益處，但因為這些事是出自不潔淨的心，沒有因信得到潔淨；而且方法不是正當的，沒有按照上帝的話來作；目的也不是正確的，沒有榮耀上帝﹔因此他們所行的事是有罪的，不能討上帝的喜悅，也不能使人有資格領受上帝的恩典。然而，他們若忽視這些當行之事，就更有罪，更不討上帝的喜悅。

7. Las obras hechas por hombres no regenerados, aun cuando por su esencia puedan ser cosas que Dios ordena, y de utilidad tanto para ellos como para otros[23], sin embargo, porque proceden de un corazón no purificado por la fe[24], no son hechas en la manera correcta de acuerdo con la Palabra[25], ni para un fin correcto –la gloria de Dios-[26], son pecaminosas y no pueden agradar a Dios ni hacer a un hombre digno de recibir gracia de Dios[27]. Y a pesar de esto, el descuido de las buenas obras por parte de los no regenerados es pecaminoso y desagradable a Dios[28].

[23] 2 Reyes 10:30; 1 Reyes 21:27, 29; Filipenses 1:15, 16 ,18; [24] Hebreos 11:4, 6 comparado con Génesis 4:3-5; [25] 1 Corintios 13:3; Isaías 1:12; [26] Mateo 6:2, 5, 16; [27] Hageo 2:14; Tito 1:15; Tito 3:5; Amos 5:21, 22; Oseas 1:4; Romanos 9:16; [28] Salmo 14:4; Salmo 36:3; Job 21:14, 15; Mateo 25:41-43, 45; Mateo 23:23.

第十七章 論聖徒的堅忍

Chapter XVII. Of the Perseverance of the Saints.

17.1 凡上帝在祂愛子裡收納、有效呼召、且藉祂的靈成聖的人，不可能完全從恩典中墮落，也不可能以墮落為最終的結局；必會在恩典中恆久忍耐到底，永遠得救。

I. They, whom God hath accepted in His Beloved, effectually called, and sanctified by His Spirit, can neither totally, nor finally, fall away from the state of grace: but shall certainly persevere therein to the end, and be eternally saved.(a)

(a) Phil. 1:6; II Pet. 1:10; John 10:28, 29; I John 3:9; I Pet. 1:5, 9.

17.2 聖徒這樣恆忍，並非根據他們自己的自由意志，乃是根據: (1)揀選的旨意不會改變，這旨意是出於父上帝白白的、不變的愛；(2)耶穌的救贖之功和代求的效力；(3)聖靈與上帝的道種住在他們裡面；(4)恩典之約的本質。這些乃是聖徒恆忍的根基，使他們得以確定恆忍到底、永不失落。

II. This perseverance of the saints depends not upon their own free will, but upon the immutability of the decree of election, flowing from the free and unchangeable love of God the Father;(b) upon the efficacy of the merit and intercession of Jesus Christ;(c) the abiding of the Spirit, and of the seed of God within them;(d) and the nature of the covenant of grace:(e) from all which ariseth also the certainty and infallibility thereof.(f)

(b) II Tim. 2:18, 19; Jer. 31:3. (c) Heb. 10:10, 14; Heb. 13:20, 21; Heb. 9:12, 13, 14, 15; Rom. 8:33 to the end; John 17:11, 24; Luke 22:32; Heb. 7:25. (d) John 14:16, 17; I John 2:27; I John 3:9. (e) Jer. 32:40. (f) John 10:28; II Thess. 3:3; I John 2:19.

17.3 然而聖徒仍可能因為: 撒但和世界的試探、存留在他們裡面敗壞的得勢、對保守他們恆忍之媒介的忽略，以致陷入大罪之中，並且暫時沉溺於其中。因這緣故，惹上帝不悅，使聖靈擔憂；失去許多恩典和安慰，心變剛硬，良心受傷；傷害並使他人跌倒犯罪，自取今生的審判刑罰。

III. Nevertheless, they may, through the temptations of Satan and of the world, the prevalency of corruption remaining in them, and the neglect of the means of their preservation, fall into grievous sins;(g) and, for a time, continue therein:(h) whereby they incur God’s displeasure,(i) and grieve His Holy Spirit,(k) come to be deprived of some measure of their graces and comforts,(l) have their hearts hardened,(m) and their consciences wounded,(n) hurt and scandalize others,(o) and bring temporal judgments upon themselves.(p)

(g) Matt. 26:70, 72, 74. (h) Ps. 51 title and ver. 14. (i) Isa. 64:5, 7, 9; II Sam. 11:27. (k) Eph. 4:30.

(l) Ps. 51:8, 10, 12; Rev. 2:4; Cant. 5:2, 3, 4, 6. (m) Isa. 63:17; Mark 6:52; Mark 16:14. (n) Ps. 32:3, 4; Ps. 51:8.

(o) II Sam. 12:14. (p) Ps. 89:31, 32; I Cor. 11:32.

第十八章 論恩惠和得救的確信

Chapter XVIII. Of the Assurance of Grace and Salvation.

18.1 雖然假冒為善的人和其他未重生的人，可能憑著虛偽的盼望和屬肉體的自負，自欺以為蒙上帝喜悅，以為自己處於得救的狀態﹔但這種盼望終必落空。相反地，但那真信主耶穌、誠摯愛祂、竭力以無虧的良心行在祂面前的人，在今生可以確實知道他們是在恩典的狀態，並且歡歡喜喜盼望上帝的榮耀，這盼望永不致使他們羞愧。

I. Although hypocrites and other unregenerate men may vainly deceive themselves with false hopes, and carnal presumptions of being in the favour of God, and estate of salvation;(a) which hope of theirs shall perish:(b) yet such as truly believe in the Lord Jesus, and love Him in sincerity, endeavouring to walk in all good conscience before Him, may, in this life, be certainly assured that they are in the state of grace,(c) and may rejoice in the hope of the glory of God, which hope shall never make them ashamed.(d

(a) Job 8:13, 14; Mic. 3:11; Deut. 29:19; John 8:41. (b) Matt. 7:22, 23.

18.2 這確據並非是根據虛假盼望而來的空幻臆測、或然信念，乃是不會落空的信仰確據，其基礎是: [1]救恩的應許，這是從上帝而來的真理；[2]所應許恩典的內證，在我們心裏；[3]聖靈是賜神兒女名分的聖靈，與我們的心同證我們是上帝的兒女。這聖靈是我們得基業的憑據，我們受了他的印記，等候得贖的日子來到。

II. This certainty is not a bare conjectural and probable persuasion, grounded upon a fallible hope;(e) but an infallible assurance of faith, founded upon the divine truth of the promises of salvation,(f) the inward evidence of those graces unto which these promises are made,(g) the testimony of the Spirit of adoption witnessing with our spirits that we are the children of God:(h) which Spirit is the earnest of our inheritance, whereby we are sealed to the day of redemption.(i)

(e) Heb. 6:11, 19. (f) Heb. 6:17, 18. (g) II Pet. 1:4, 5, 10, 11; I John 2:3; I John 3:14; II Cor. 1:12.

(h) Rom. 8:15, 16. (i) Eph. 1:13, 14; Eph. 4:30; II Cor. 1:21, 22.

18.3 救恩確據是不會落空的，然而因這確據不是屬於信心的本質要素，真信徒可能會長久等待、經過許多艱難困苦，才享有此確據；然而，既然聖靈使真信徒得知上帝開恩白白賜給他的事，他要只正確使用正常的施恩媒介，不須特殊啟示，便可得著此確據。所以每一位信徒的責任是，當竭力慇勤使自己所蒙的恩召和揀選堅定不移；因此可以使他的心開廣在聖靈的平安與喜樂中、在愛上帝與感謝上帝的事上長進、得著能力與喜樂來在盡當順服的職責；這些都是這救恩確據所結的必然果子。這確據決不會使人偏於鬆弛放蕩。

III. This infallible assurance doth not so belong to the essence of faith, but that a true believer may wait long, and conflict with many difficulties before he be partaker of it:(k) yet, being enabled by the Spirit to know the things which are freely given him of God, he may without extraordinary revelation, in the right use of ordinary means, attain thereunto.(l) And therefore it is the duty of everyone to give all diligence to make his calling and election sure;(m) that thereby his heart may be enlarged in peace and joy in the Holy Ghost, in love and thankfulness to God, and in strength and cheerfulness in the duties of obedience, the proper fruits of this assurance:(n) so far is it from inclining men to looseness.(o)

(k) I John 5:13; Isa. 50:10; Mark 9:24; Ps. 88 throughout; Ps. 77 to ver. 12. (l) I Cor. 2:12; I John 4:13; Heb. 6:11, 12; Eph. 3:17, 18, 19. (m) II Pet. 1:10. (n) Rom. 5:1, 2, 5; Rom. 14:17; Rom. 15:13; Eph. 1:3, 4; Ps. 4:6, 7; Ps. 119:32. (o) I John 2:1, 2; Rom. 6:1, 2; Tit. 2:11, 12, 14; II Cor. 7:1; Rom. 8:1, 12; I John 3:2, 3; Ps. 130:4; I John 1:6, 7.

18.4 真信徒可能因各種原因，對自己得救的確據產生不同程度的動搖、減少，或暫時中止，這些原因包括：[1]疏忽持守此得救確據；[2]陷入特別的罪，以致良心受傷，聖靈擔憂；[3]突然或猛烈的試探；[4]上帝收回祂的面光，甚至容讓敬畏祂的人遭受苦難行在暗中，沒有光亮。但他們決不會完全失去上帝的道種、信心的生命、愛基督和愛弟兄的心、內心的誠實、盡責的良心；而上述的這些藉著聖靈的運行，可使得救確據在適當時候得以恢復；同時，他們有上述這些恩典扶持，不致完全絕望。

IV. True believers may have the assurance of their salvation divers ways shaken, diminished, and intermitted; as, by negligence in preserving of it, by falling into some special sin, which woundeth the conscience and grieveth the Spirit; by some sudden or vehement temptation, by God’s withdrawing the light of His countenance, and suffering even such as fear Him to walk in darkness and to have no light:(p) yet are they never so utterly destitute of that seed of God, and life of faith, that love of Christ and the brethren, that sincerity of heart, and conscience of duty, out of which, by the operation of the Spirit, this assurance may, in due time, be revived;(q) and by the which, in the mean time, they are supported from utter despair.(r)

(p) Cant. 5:2, 3, 6; Ps. 51:8, 12, 14; Eph. 4:30, 31; Ps. 77:1 to 10; Matt. 26:69, 70, 71, 72; Ps. 31:22; Ps. 88 throughout; Isa. 50:10. (q) I John 3:9; Luke 22:32; Job 13:15; Ps. 73:15; Ps. 51:8, 12; Isa. 50:10.

(r) Mic. 7:7, 8, 9; Jer. 32:40; Isa. 54:7, 8, 9, 10; Ps. 22:1; Ps. 88 throughout.

第十九章 論神的律法

Chapter XIX. Of the Law of God.

19.1 上帝賜一律法給亞當，這是行為之約；上帝藉這約使亞當和他所有的後裔，有義務親自、全然、切實、永遠順服祂。上帝應許他們守約就得生命 ; 警告他們背約就必死亡。上帝也賜給亞當力量，使他有能力遵守這律法。

I. God gave to Adam a law, as a covenant of works, by which He bound him and all his posterity to personal, entire, exact, and perpetual obedience; promised life upon the fulfilling, and threatened death upon the breach of it: and endued him with power and ability to keep it.(a)

(a) Gen. 1:26, 27 with Gen. 2:17; Rom. 2:14, 15; Rom. 10:5; Rom. 5:12, 19; Gal. 3:10, 12; Eccles. 7:29; Job 28:28.

19.2 這律法在亞當墮落之後，仍為公義的完美準則。既是這樣，上帝就在西乃山以「十誡」頒布這律法，且刻於兩塊石版上 ; 前四誡包括我們對上帝當盡的本份，其餘六誡是我們對人的本份。

II. This law, after his fall, continued to be a perfect rule of righteousness, and, as such, was delivered by God upon Mount Sinai, in ten commandments, and written in two tables:(b) the four first commandments containing our duty towards God; and the other six our duty to man.(c)

(b) James 1:25; James 2:8, 10, 11, 12; Rom. 13:8, 9; Deut. 5:32; Deut. 10:4; Ex. 34:1.

19.3 這律法通常稱為「道德律」，除了這律法之外，上帝也樂意將「禮儀律」賜給以色列民，即尚未成年的教會。禮儀律包括一些預表的律例: 一部分是關乎於敬拜，預表基督和祂的恩典、作為、苦難、效益 ; 另一部分是說明道德責任的多方教訓。這些禮儀律例在新約時代，都已經被廢止了。

III. Beside this law, commonly called moral, God was pleased to give to the people of Israel, as a church under age, ceremonial laws, containing several typical ordinances, partly of worship, prefiguring Christ, His graces, actions, sufferings, and benefits;(d) and partly holding forth divers instructions of moral duties.(e) All which ceremonial laws are now abrogated, under the new testament.(f)

(d) Heb. 9 chap.; Heb. 10:1; Gal. 4:1, 2, 3; Col. 2:17. (e) I Cor. 5:7; II Cor. 6:17; Jude ver. 23. (f) Col. 2:14, 16, 17; Dan. 9:27; Eph. 2:15, 16.

19.4 以色列民是一個政治團體，所以上帝又賜給他們各種「司法律」。以色列民的國度既亡，這些司法律也就隨之期滿失效。因此，這些司法律例，除了其所昭示的公義公平的總原則之外，對於今日任何人都沒有約束力。

IV. To them also, as a body politic, He gave sundry judicial laws, which expired together with the State of that people; not obliging any other now, further than the general equity thereof may require.(g)

(g) Ex. 21 chap.; Ex. 22:1 to 29; Gen. 49:10 with I Pet. 2:13, 14; Matt. 5:17, with ver. 38, 39; I Cor. 9:8, 9, 10.

19.5 道德律的確永遠約束世上所有人，包括稱義的人和其他人，每個人都要遵守。遵守到道德律的義務，不只是因為其內容的緣故，也是因為創造主上帝的權威，祂頒布了此道德律。基督在福音中，絲毫沒有廢掉此義務，反更堅固之。

V. The moral law doth for ever bind all, as well justified persons as others, to the obedience thereof;(h) and that, not only in regard of the matter contained in it, but also in respect of the authority of God the Creator, who gave it:(i) neither doth Christ, in the Gospel, any way dissolve, but much strengthen this obligation.(k)

(h) Rom. 13:8, 9, 10; Eph. 6:2; I John 2:3, 4, 7, 8. (i) James 2:10, 11. (k) Matt. 5:17, 18, 19; James 2:8; Rom. 3:31.

19.6 雖然真信徒不在「行為之約」的律法之下，被稱義或定罪; 然而律法對於他們或別人都大有用處，因為律法是生活的規範: [1]教導他們知道上帝的旨意、他們的責任，律法引導與約束他們照著去行；[2]律法也顯明他們的本性、內心、生活，都被罪玷污；[3] 律法使他們因此察驗自己，使他們更加知罪、因罪謙卑、恨惡罪惡，同時也更清楚認識到自己何等需要基督，基督的順服何等完全。律法對於重生的人也是有用的: [1] 藉著律法禁止罪惡，來防止老我的敗壞；[2] 藉著律法的警告，讓他們知道他們的罪應得怎樣的刑罰；律法也顯示他們在今生因犯罪要受的苦難，雖然他們已經脫離了律法的咒詛。照樣，[3]律法的應許也向他們顯明上帝嘉許順服，讓他們知道順服所蒙之福為何 ; 然而他們蒙的恩福，不是因守「行為之約」的律法而應得的。所以，真信徒因為律法勉勵行善、阻擋罪惡，而行善棄惡，這並非表明他在律法之下、而不在恩典之下。

VI. Although true believers be not under the law, as a covenant of works, to be thereby justified, or condemned;(l) yet is it of great use to them, as well as to others; in that, as a rule of life informing them of the will of God, and their duty, it directs, and binds them to walk accordingly;(m) discovering also the sinful pollutions of their nature, hearts, and lives;(n) so as, examining themselves thereby, they may come to further conviction of, humiliation for, and hatred against sin;(o) together with a clearer sight of the need they have of Christ, and the perfection of His obedience.(p) It is likewise of use to the regenerate, to restrain their corruptions, in that it forbids sin:(q) and the threatenings of it serve to show what even their sins deserve; and what afflictions, in this life, they may expect for them, although freed from the curse thereof threatened in the law.(r) The promises of it, in like manner, show them God’s approbation of obedience, and what blessings they may expect upon the performance thereof;(s) although not as due to them by the law, as a covenant of works.(t) So as, a man’s doing good, and refraining from evil, because the law encourageth to the one and deterreth from the other, is no evidence of his being under the law; and not under grace.(u)

(l) Rom. 6:14; Gal. 2:16; Gal. 3:13; Gal. 4:4, 5; Acts 13:39; Rom. 8:1. (m) Rom. 7:12, 22, 25; Ps. 119:4, 5, 6; I Cor. 7:19; Gal. 5:14, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23. (n) Rom. 7:7; Rom. 3:20. (o) James 1:23, 24, 25; Rom. 7:9, 14, 24. (p) Gal. 3:24; Rom. 7:24, 25; Rom. 8:3, 4. (q) Jam. 2:11; Ps. 119:101, 104, 128.

(r) Ezra 9:13, 14; Ps. 89:30, 31, 32, 33, 34. (s) Lev. 26:1 to 14 with II Cor. 6:16; Eph. 6:2, 3; Ps. 37:11 with Matt. 5:5; Ps. 19:11. (t) Gal. 2:16; Luke 17:10. (u) Rom. 6:12, 14; I Pet. 3:8, 9, 10, 11, 12, with Ps. 34:12, 13, 14, 15, 16; Heb. 12:28, 29.

19.7 上述律法的各種功用，與福音的恩典沒有任何牴觸，反而是與它美妙的契合。基督的聖靈使人的意志降服，並且賜下能力使之自由自在、甘心樂意，遵行上帝的旨意，就是在律法中顯明的。

VII. Neither are the forementioned uses of the law contrary to the grace of the Gospel, but do sweetly comply with it;(w) the Spirit of Christ subduing and enabling the will of man to do that, freely and cheerfully, which the will of God, revealed in the law, requireth to be done.(x)

(w) Gal. 3:21.

(x) Ezek. 36:27; Heb. 8:10 with Jer. 31:33.

第二十章 論基督徒的自由和良心的自由

Chapter XX. Of Christian Liberty, and Liberty of Conscience.

20.1 在福音之下的信徒，基督為他們所買贖的自由，包括: [ 1 ] 使他們脫離罪咎、上帝定罪的忿怒、道德律的咒詛； [ 2 ]解救他們脫離這現今邪惡的世界、撒但的綑綁、罪惡的轄制；[3]脫離患難的苦害、死亡的毒鉤、墳墓的權勢、永遠的定罪。這自由也包括: [4] 可以無拘無束來到上帝面前，順服上帝並非出於奴僕的心仍舊害怕，乃是出於兒子愛父的心，甘心樂意順服。律法之下的信徒，也同樣享有這一切；但在新約之下的基督徒有更多更大的自由: [1] 可以脫離舊約猶太教會所受之禮儀律的軛；[2]更坦然無懼來到施恩寶座前；[3]與上帝使人自由之靈有更豐盛的交通，這比律法之下的信徒通常所享有的更完全。

I. The liberty which Christ hath purchased for believers under the Gospel consists in their freedom from the guilt of sin, and condemning wrath of God, the curse of the moral law;(a) and, in their being delivered from this present evil world, bondage to Satan, and dominion of sin;(b) from the evil of afflictions, the sting of death, the victory of the grace, and everlasting damnation;(c) as also, in their free access to God,(d) and their yielding obedience unto Him, not out of slavish fear, but a child-like love and willing mind.(e) All which were common also to believers under the law.(f) But, under the new testament, the liberty of Christians is further enlarged, in their freedom from the yoke of the ceremonial law, to which the Jewish Church was subjected;(g) and in greater boldness of access to the throne of grace,(h) and in fuller communications of the free Spirit of God, than believers under the law did ordinarily partake of.(i)

(a) Tit. 2:14; I Thess. 1:10; Gal. 3:13. (b) Gal. 1:4; Col. 1:13; Acts 26:18; Rom. 6:14. (c) Rom. 8:28; Ps. 119:71; I Cor. 15:54, 55, 56, 57; Rom. 8:1. (d) Rom. 5:1, 2. (e) Rom. 8:14, 15; I John 4:18. (f) Gal. 3:9, 14. (g) Gal. 4:1, 2, 3, 6, 7; Gal. 5:1; Acts 15:10, 11. (h) Heb. 4:14, 16; Heb. 10:19, 20, 21, 22. (i) John 7:38, 39; II Cor. 3:13, 17, 18.

20.2 惟獨上帝是良心的主，使良心自由；出於人的道理與吩咐，任何事情若違背聖經、在信仰或敬拜的事上若越過聖經，良心都不能順從。所以，如果任何人丟棄良心去相信人的道理、聽從人的吩咐，就是出賣良心的真自由；如果要求人接受強制的信仰、要人絕對盲從，就是毀滅良心的自由，也是毀滅理性。

II. God alone is Lord of the conscience,(k) and hath left it free from the doctrines and commandments of men, which are in any thing contrary to His Word; or beside it, if matters of faith or worship.(l) So that, to believe such doctrines, or to obey such commands, out of conscience,(m) is to betray true liberty of conscience: and the requiring of an implicit faith, and an absolute and blind obedience is to destroy liberty of conscience, and reason also.(n)

(k) Jam. 4:12; Rom. 14:4. (l) Acts 4:19; Acts 5:29; I Cor. 7:23; Matt. 23:8, 9, 10; II Cor. 1:24; Matt. 15:9.

(m) Col. 2:20, 22, 23; Gal. 1:10; Gal. 2:4, 5; Gal. 5:1. (n) Rom. 10:17; Rom. 14:23; Isa. 8:20; Acts 17:11; John 4:22; Hos. 5:11; Rev. 13:12, 16, 17; Jer. 8:9.

20.3 凡以基督徒自由為藉口、去犯任何罪或放縱邪情私慾的人，正是破壞基督徒自由的宗旨。基督徒自由的宗旨，就是我們既從仇敵手中被救出來，就可以終身在祂面前，坦然無懼地用聖潔、公義事奉祂。

III. They who, upon pretence of Christian liberty, do practice any sin, or cherish any lust, do thereby destroy the end of Christian liberty, which is, that being delivered out of the hands of our enemies, we might serve the Lord, without fear, in holiness and righteousness before Him, all the days of our life.(o)

(o) Gal. 5:13; I Pet. 2:16; II Pet. 2:19; John 8:34; Luke 1:74, 75.

20.4 關於上帝所命定的權柄和基督為我們所買贖的自由，上帝的旨意並非要讓此二者互相毀壞，乃是要互相維護、彼此持守；所以凡以基督徒自由為藉口、反抗國家或教會的合法權柄或權柄的合法施行者，這些人就是反抗上帝的命令。人們所發表的意見或堅持的作法，如果違反自然啟示之光、違背已知的基督教原則(有關信仰、敬拜、言行)、否認敬虔的實意；或是任何錯謬的見解與做法，不論是在本質上或在發表的意見、堅持的方式上，凡破壞基督在教會所設立的外在平安與秩序者，教會均可合法追究其責，並加以遣責，和對政府官員的權柄提起控訴。（最後一句是博主加）

IV. And because the powers which God hath ordained, and the liberty which Christ hath purchased, are not intended by God to destroy, but mutually to uphold and preserve one another; they who, upon pretence of Christian liberty, shall oppose any lawful power, or the lawful exercise of it, whether it be civil or ecclesiastical, resist the ordinance of God.(p) And, for their publishing of such opinions, or maintaining of such practices, as are contrary to the light of nature, or to the known principles of Christianity, whether concerning faith, worship, or conversation; or, to the power of godliness; or, such erroneous opinions or practices, as either in their own nature, or in the manner of publishing or maintaining them, are destructive to the external peace and order which Christ hath established in the Church, they may lawfully be called to account, and proceeded against by the censures of the Church,(q) and by the power of the civil magistrate.(r)

(p) Matt. 12:25; I Pet. 2:13, 14, 16; Rom. 13:1 to 8; Heb. 13:17. (q) Rom. 1:32 with I Cor. 5:1, 5, 11, 13; II John ver. 10, 11, and II Thess. 3:14, and I Tim. 6:3, 4, 5, and Tit. 1:10, 11, 13, and Tit. 3:10 with Matt. 18:15, 16, 17; I Tim. 1:19, 20; Rev. 2:2, 14, 15, 20; Rev. 3:9. (r) Deut. 13:6 to 12; Rom. 13:3, 4 with II John ver. 10, 11; Ezra 7:23, 25, 26, 27, 28; Rev. 17:12, 16, 17; Neh. 13:15, 17, 21, 22, 25, 30; II Kings 23:5, 6, 9, 20, 21; II Chron. 34:33; II Chron. 15:12, 13, 16; Dan. 3:29; I Tim. 2:2; Isa. 49:23; Zech. 13:2, 3.

2018-01-11

西敏信仰告白中英對照版, 呂沛淵譯TheWestminster Confession of Faith (1647)