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2019-07-05


耶穌就是耶和華JesusIs Jehovah

作者Denny Prutow  翻譯:駱鴻銘

詩篇100篇是用這個呼召開始的「普天下當向耶和華歡呼。」英文聖經譯本是用全部大寫字母LORD來翻譯「耶和華」以表明背後的希伯來文是雅威Yahweh或耶和華Jehovah。保羅宣告耶穌是主時,把耶和華和耶穌視為等同:
Psalm 100 begins with this call, “Shout joyfully to the LORD, all the earth.” Our versions translate LORD in all caps to indicate the underlying Hebrew is the Name, Yahweh or Jehovah. Paul equates Jehovah with Jesus when he declares of Jesus,

神將祂基督升為至高又賜給祂那超乎萬名之上的名 叫一切在天上的、地上的和地底下的因耶穌的名無不屈膝 無不口稱「耶穌基督為主」使榮耀歸與父神。腓二911
God highly exalted Him, and bestowed on Him the name which is above every name, so that at the name of Jesus EVERY KNEE WILL BOW, of those who are in heaven and on earth and under the earth (Phil. 2:10-11).

「萬膝都要跪拜」,這些話是引自先知以賽亞,耶和華在那裏談到自己(賽四五21)。祂宣稱萬膝都要向祂跪拜,萬口必承認祂(賽四五23)。希臘文舊約聖經中的第23節寫道:「萬口都要向我跪拜並向上帝懺悔。」這裏是完整的引用。
The words, EVERY KNEE WILL BOW, are taken from the prophet Isaiah. Jehovah speaks of Himself (Isa. 45:21). He declares that every knee will bow to Him and that every tongue will confess Him (Isa. 45:23). Verse 23 in the Greek Old Testament reads, “Every tongue shall bow to Me and make confession to God.” Here is the complete quote.

不是我耶和華嗎除了我以外再沒有神我是公義的神又是救主除了我以外再沒有別神。地極的人都當仰望我,就必得救;因為我是神,再沒有別神。 我指著自己起誓,我口所出的話是憑公義,並不反回:萬膝必向我跪拜;萬口必憑我起誓。(賽四五2123)。
Is it not I, the LORD? And there is no other God besides Me, A righteous God and a Savior; There is none except Me. Turn to Me and be saved, all the ends of the earth; For I am God, and there is no other. I have sworn by Myself, The word has gone forth from My mouth in righteousness And will not turn back, That to Me every knee will bow, every tongue will swear (Isa. 45:21-23).

在聖靈的默示下,使徒保羅把以賽亞論及耶和華的話應用在耶穌身上。他教導我們,耶穌就是耶和華。腓立比書二1011並不是保羅邁出這一大步唯一的一個地方。
Under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit, the Apostle Paul applies to Jesus the words of Isaiah that speak of Jehovah. He teaches us that Jesus is Jehovah. Philippians 2:10-11 is not the only place where Paul takes this grand step.

考慮羅馬書第十章。我們通常會引用第9節,「你若口裏認耶穌為主,心裏信上帝叫祂從死裡復活,就必得救。」我們必須承認的這位主是誰呢?羅馬書十章1113節會幫助我們回答。保羅繼續論到基督:
Consider Romans 10. We commonly quote verse 9, “If you confess with your mouth Jesus as Lord, and believe in your heart that God raised Him from the dead, you will be saved.” Who is this Lord we must confess? Romans 10:11-13 help us answer. Paul continues to speak about Christ.

(因為) 經上說:「凡信祂的人必不至於羞愧。」 猶太人和希利尼人並沒有分別,因為眾人同有一位主;祂也厚待一切求告祂的人。 因為「凡求告主名的,就必得救。」羅十1113
For the Scripture says, “WHOEVER BELIEVES IN HIM WILL NOT BE DISAPPOINTED.” For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek; for the same Lord is Lord of all, abounding in riches for all who call on Him; for “WHOEVER WILL CALL ON THE NAME OF THE LORD WILL BE SAVED.”

首先,保羅引用了以賽亞書廿八章16節,其中論到基督是房角石(參照彼得前書二56)。既然救恩之道是求告基督,保羅就催促我們求告「主(LORD=耶和華」的名(約珥書二32 凡求告耶和華的名就必得救)。這裏又一次說到,主就是耶和華。藉著這個引用,保羅告訴我們耶穌就是耶和華。
First, Paul quotes from Isaiah 28:16, which speaks of Christ, the chief cornerstone (Compare 1 Peter 2:5-6). Since the way of salvation is to call upon Christ, Paul urges us to call on the Name of the LORD (Joel 2:32). Again, the LORD is Jehovah. And by way of this quotation, Paul teaches us that Jesus is Jehovah.

回到羅馬書十章9節,認耶穌為主是什麼意思。在保羅的思想中,他是在呼召你我承認耶穌基督就是耶和華。保羅呼召你我承認耶穌基督是上帝的道成肉身。保羅呼召你我承認耶穌就是耶和華是一切生命的主。祂是永活的上帝。
Going back to Romans 10:9, what does it mean to confess that Jesus is Lord. In Paul’s thinking, he is calling upon you and me to confess that Jesus Christ is Jehovah. Paul is calling upon you and me to confess that Jesus Christ is God incarnate. Paul is calling upon you and me to confess that as Jehovah, Jesus is LORD of all of life. He is the Living God.

祂是那位活出絕對完美生命的人。因此,祂成了祂子民的罪的完美祭牲。祂死了,埋葬了,第三天又復活了。祂升上高天,坐在高天至尊者的右邊。祂就是耶和華。我的訴求很簡單:向這位耶穌屈膝;認識並信靠祂作你的上帝;信靠祂為你成就的生命與死亡;承認祂是你的主。
He is the One who lived an absolutely perfect life. Thus, He became a perfect sacrifice for the sins of His people. He died and was buried. He rose again the third day. He ascended into heaven. He took His place on the throne of the Majesty on high. He is LORD. My plea is simple. Bow your knee to this Jesus. Know and trust Him as your GOD. Trust His life and death for you. Confess Him as your LORD.


2018-02-21


耶和華(LORD )與主(Lord

摘錄自《神的聖潔》The Holiness of God,  27-28,  史鮑爾 (R.C. Sproul) , 黃一亭、顧華德譯 。財團法人基督教中國主日學協會出版及發行。(標題另加)

「當烏西雅王崩的那年,我見主坐在高高的寶座上。他的衣裳垂下,遮滿聖殿。」(賽六1
In the year that King Uzziah died I saw the Lord sitting upon a throne, high and lifted up; and the train of his robe filled the temple. Isa 61 EVS

讓我們仔細看看在第六章第一節中,主Lord這個字的英文印刷方式。它的開頭字母是大寫,其余字母則是小寫。這個字和稍後在經文中頻頻出現的耶和華這個字對比之下,有顯著的差異。有時候主這個字以全部大寫字母的耶和華這個字出現。這並不是印刷錯誤或者由於各個段落的譯者之間譯法不一致而造成。大多數英文版聖經中對於主這個字的翻譯方式,時而採用大寫字母。這個區別乃由於希伯來原文聖經中出現的是兩個字,但是翻譯成英文之後變成了主這個字。

譯者以小寫字母的主(Lord)代表希伯來文聖經中的主(Adonai)。希伯來文的主(Adonai)意思是「至高無上者」。它並不是神的名字,它只是神的尊稱,是舊約聖經中對神備極尊崇的頭銜。當英文的主(LORD)以全部大寫字書寫時,則表示舊約聖經中希伯來文雅威(Jahweh)。雅威是神至聖的名字,是神在燃燒的荊蕀中向摩西顯現時自稱的聖名。這是個諱言的名字,是個不應輕易提到的名字,是以色列人一輩子要謹防褻瀆的聖名。這個字通常只用四個希伯來文字------YHWH來代替。因此它被列為神聖的「四字神名(tetragrammaton)」,即四個諱言的字母。

例如,我們在詩篇𥚃面可以發現這些字對照之下的差異。詩篇第八篇行文如下:

「耶和華(LORD)我們的主(Lord)啊!祢的名在全地何其美。照猶太人的讀法則是:雅威(Jahweh)我們的主(Adonai)啊!祢的名在全地何其美」。或者我們可以翻譯成:「上帝我們至高無上的主啊!祢的名……在詩篇一一〇篇我們又讀到:耶和華(LORD)對我主(Lord)說,你坐在我的右邊。詩篇作者所要表達的是:神對我至高無上的王說:你坐在我右邊。

耶和華(LORD)是神的名字,主(Lord)則是祂的尊稱。就拿美國總統雷根先生來說,雷根是他的名字,總統則是他的尊稱和官銜。倘若在本地的最高銜是總統這個職位,那麼以色列的最高頭銜就是「至高無上之王」這個職位」。主(Adonai)這個尊稱是特別獻給神的頭銜。這個頭銜在新約𥚃頭則用來尊稱耶穌。當基督被稱為主(Lord)之時,祂在新約所賦予的地位正是舊約中主(Adonai)的身分。耶穌被稱為萬主之主、萬王之王,享有從前神所獨得的尊稱,也就是天地之間至高無上的權威統治者。

當以賽亞書進入聖殿的時期,地上的最高權威者正瀕臨危機,便是鳥西雅王駕崩。以賽亞卻因此得以目睹統治這個國家的真正大君王,他看見主坐在高高的寶座上。