43 耶稣的无罪——耶稣基督完全没有罪汙Sinlessness - Jesus Christ wasentirely free from sin
《简明神学》Concise Theology: A Guide to
Historic Christian Beliefs，巴刻（J. I. Packer）著/張麟至译，更新传道会，2007年。
43 耶稣的无罪——耶稣基督完全没有罪汙
Sinlessness - Jesus Christ was entirely free from sin
他并没有犯罪，口里也没有诡诈。（彼前2:22）
新约圣经坚称耶稣全然无罪（约8:46；林后5:21；来4:15；7:26；彼前2:22；约壹3:5）。其意义不只是说，祂从来不违背祂的父；也是说，祂爱慕神的律法，全心以遵行律法为乐。堕落的人在顺服神的事上，总是有些勉强；而且有时候我们的不服，会演变为对神加诸我们身上之要求的憎恨（罗8:7）。然而耶稣的道德本性没有堕落，正像亚当未犯罪以先的情形；而且在耶稣里面，没有像在我们里面有那种离开的倾向，结果给撒旦有可趁之机。耶稣总是尽心、尽意、尽力爱祂的父，并祂的旨意。
希伯来书四章15节说：耶稣[曾凡事受过试探，与我们一样，只是祂没有罪犯。]其意思乃是说，我们所面对每一种形态的试探，包括：放纵身体和心思里天然的欲望、规避道德的和属灵的事、缵道德漏洞以走易路、对人少爱少同情少仁慈一点、自卫自怜等等，这类的试探，都曾临到祂身上过，但祂却没有让任何罪得逞。压倒性的难处从来没有胜过祂，祂经过客西马尼园、十字架，与试探争战，抵挡罪到流血地步。基督徒当从主学习，并效法祂（来12:3-13；路14:25-33）。
耶稣的无罪对我们救恩来说，是必须的。假如祂不是[无瑕疵、无玷污的羔羊]，祂的血就不会是[宝血]了（彼前1:19）。祂若非无瑕疵、无玷污，祂自己都需要一位救主，而祂的死也不能救赎我们。祂的[主动顺服]（指祂一生行事为人与神赐给人的律法一致，也与神启示给弥赛亚的旨意一致），使祂有资格在十字架上为我们死，成为我们的救主。耶稣[被动的顺服]（指祂以无罪者成为我们的替代者，以忍耐破坏神律法该受的刑罚）加冠在祂的[主动的顺服]之上，为那些信靠祂的人赢取神的宽恕与接纳（罗5:18-19；林后5:18-21；腓2:8；来10:5-10）。
SINLESSNESS
JESUS CHRIST WAS ENTIRELY FREE
FROM SIN
He
committed no sin, and no deceit was found in his mouth. 1 PETER 2:22
The
New Testament insists that Jesus was entirely free from sin (John 8:46; 2 Cor.
5:21; Heb. 4:15; 7:26; 1 Pet. 2:22; 1 John 3:5). This means not only that he
never disobeyed his Father but that he loved God’s law and found wholehearted
joy in keeping it. In fallen human beings, there is always some reluctance to
obey God, and sometimes resentment amounting to hatred at the claims he makes
on us (Rom. 8:7). But Jesus’ moral nature was unfallen, as was Adam’s prior to
his sin, and in Jesus there was no prior inclination away from God for Satan to
play on, as there is in us. Jesus loved his Father and his Father’s will with
all his heart, mind, soul, and strength.
Hebrews
4:15 says that Jesus was “tempted in every way, just as we are,” though without
sinning. This means that every type of temptation that we face—temptations to
wrongfully indulge natural desires of body and mind, to evade moral and
spiritual issues, to cut moral corners and take easy ways out, to be less than
fully loving and sympathetic and creatively kind to others, to become
self-protective and self-pitying, and so on—came upon him, but he yielded to
none of them. Overwhelming opposition did not overwhelm him, and through the
agony of Gethsemane and the cross he fought temptation and resisted sin to the
point where his blood was shed. Christians must learn from him to do likewise
(Heb. 12:3-13; Luke 14:25-33).
Jesus’
sinlessness was necessary for our salvation. Had he not been “a lamb without
blemish or defect” his blood would not have been “precious” (1 Pet. 1:19). He
would have needed a savior himself, and his death would not have redeemed us.
His active obedience (perfect lifelong conformity to God’s law for mankind, and
to his revealed will for the Messiah) qualified Jesus to become our Savior by
dying for us on the cross. Jesus’ passive obedience (enduring the penalty of
God’s broken law as our sinless substitute) crowned his active obedience to
secure the pardon and acceptance of those who put their faith in him (Rom.
5:18-19; 2 Cor. 5:18-21; Phil. 2:8; Heb. 10:5-10).
